Clinical ResearchResearch compound

Adrafinil

Modafinil prodrug (hepatic conversion). OTC in some EU regions, with slower onset.

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WHAT IS ADRAFINIL?

Detailed overview

Adrafinil is a diphenylmethylsulfinylacetamide derivative and the hepatic prodrug of Modafinil, metabolized in the liver to Modafinil (CYP1A2 + CYP3A4 enzymes). A eugeroic (alpha-1 adrenergic agonist), wakefulness-promoting. Originally approved in France for narcolepsy (Olmifon), then withdrawn in 2011 for commercial reasons. Currently a research chemical / OTC in EU regions, available as a supplement in the USA.

Mechanism

Modafinil prodrug, alpha-1 adrenergic

Half-life

1 h (Adrafinil) / 12-15 h (Modafinil)

Onset

60-90 min

Legal status

EU OTC research, USA OTC

Safety

Side effects, stop signs, contraindications

Side effects · 7

  • Headache, common and often dose-dependent
  • Insomnia and disrupted sleep, especially with late dosing
  • Dry mouth, stomach discomfort, nausea
  • Anxiety, nervousness, irritability
  • Mild blood pressure rise and palpitations
  • Elevated liver enzymes (ALT/AST) with prolonged use
  • Reduced appetite

Contraindications · 6

  • Liver or kidney disease, higher risk due to hepatic conversion to modafinil, monitor LFTs
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding
  • Serious cardiovascular disease, arrhythmia, unstable angina, uncontrolled hypertension
  • Modafinil hypersensitivity or history of severe skin reaction (Stevens-Johnson, DRESS)
  • Reduces hormonal contraceptive efficacy (CYP3A4 induction), use backup method
  • Avoid concurrent alcohol and other hepatotoxic drugs

Related Nootropics

Same therapeutic category

Studies

Related research and clinical findings

Clin Pharmacokinet. 2003;42(2):123-137.

Adrafinil and modafinil, pharmacokinetic comparison

Robertson P Jr, Hellriegel ET.

PMID: 12537513Open

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MolekulaX Editorial Team·Source-verified · PubMed · FDA · EMA
Updated: June 19, 2026

The information here is strictly for educational and scientific purposes. It does not replace medical advice or clinical consultation, and it does not encourage illegal substance or pharmaceutical use. Data is sourced. When in doubt, consult your doctor.