BPAP
Selective PEA-activity enhancer (CAE), Selegiline successor, investigational.
Pharmacology
Contents
WHAT IS BPAP?
Detailed overview
BPAP ((R)-1-(benzofuran-2-yl)-2-propylaminopentane) is a second-generation "catecholaminergic activity enhancer" (CAE) compound by József Knoll, designed to extend Selegiline`s neuroprotective profile. It is not a MAO-B inhibitor, it directly amplifies only impulse-mediated monoamine release (PEA, dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin), not activity-independent release – unlike amphetamines. Active at low nanomolar concentrations. Potent TAAR1 agonist (PMC11794408). Upregulates BDNF/NGF/GDNF expression in mouse astrocytes. Pro-social + antidepressant effects in animal models. At higher concentrations also acts as a monoamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI/NRI > SRI). ⚠️ Hepatotoxicity signal even at low doses (PMID 12365195) – an important safety concern for chronic dosing. Only preclinical data; emotionally more supportive profile than PPAP.
Mechanism
CAE, presynaptic monoaminergic
Half-life
No human data
Legal status
Investigational, not approved
Receptor profile
- Catecholamine / serotonin activityStrong
- TAAR1Moderate
Safety
Side effects, stop signs, contraindications
Side effects · 6
- Limited human safety data, effects are largely preclinical (animal) and anecdotal
- Possible mild stimulation, restlessness or sleep disturbance due to enhanced catecholaminergic activity
- Mood shifts, irritability or anxiety possible from monoaminergic modulation
- Potential hepatotoxicity (liver strain) even at low doses, based on an animal study signal
- Blood pressure or heart rate changes theoretically possible due to noradrenergic effect (no human data)
- Unknown long-term safety profile, consequences of chronic use are not studied
Contraindications · 5
- Avoid during pregnancy and breastfeeding, no safety data available
- Avoid with existing liver disease or elevated liver enzymes due to the documented hepatotoxicity signal
- Avoid combining with other monoaminergic agents (antidepressants, MAO inhibitors, stimulants) due to risk of serotonergic or catecholaminergic excess
- Caution advised with cardiovascular disease or hypertension due to the noradrenergic effect
- Unapproved, experimental-only compound, human dosing and safety standards are not established
Related Nootropics
Same therapeutic category
FAQ
FAQ
BPAP is an experimental compound designed as a successor to the well-known Selegiline, aiming to extend its neuroprotective properties further. Human data on it is essentially nonexistent, so it counts as a research-lab, experimental substance rather than an established or widely tested one.
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Structure & chemistry
The information here is strictly for educational and scientific purposes. It does not replace medical advice or clinical consultation, and it does not encourage illegal substance or pharmaceutical use. Data is sourced. When in doubt, consult your doctor.