EmergingResearch compound

Fladrafinil

Bis-fluorinated Adrafinil analog, aggression-reducing profile, investigational.

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WHAT IS FLADRAFINIL?

Detailed overview

Fladrafinil (CRL-40,941) is a bis-fluorinated derivative of Adrafinil, originally developed by Lafon (France) (PMID 27928893). Its eugeroic activity is similar to Adrafinil`s but **3-4× more potent** with a **12-16 h duration**. Mechanism: hepatic conversion to a Modafinil-like active metabolite → DAT inhibition + orexin/histamine modulation. Animal models also describe a pronounced aggression reduction (US Patent 4489095). The fluorine substitution slows hepatic metabolism → longer effect but elevated hepatotoxicity risk with chronic dosing (LFT monitoring). Banned in the UK under the Psychoactive Substances Act (since 2016). No human clinical trials; not approved anywhere.

Mechanism

Modafinil-prodrug profile

Half-life

No validated human data

Legal status

Not approved anywhere

Safety

Side effects, stop signs, contraindications

Side effects · 7

  • Insomnia and disrupted sleep, especially with late dosing due to the 12-16 hour duration
  • Headache, a typical side effect of modafinil-class eugeroics
  • Anxiety, irritability and overstimulation, more pronounced at higher doses
  • Reduced appetite and dry mouth
  • Palpitations, raised blood pressure and heart rate from the dopaminergic-stimulant effect
  • Elevated liver enzymes and risk of hepatotoxicity with chronic use (as seen with adrafinil)
  • Tolerance development with repeated use

Contraindications · 6

  • No human clinical safety data, long-term effects unknown, not approved anywhere
  • Existing liver impairment, avoid with other hepatotoxic agents or alcohol (liver function monitoring warranted)
  • Cardiovascular disease, hypertension or arrhythmia due to the blood-pressure and heart-rate raising effect
  • Pregnancy and breastfeeding, safety not established
  • Anxiety disorders, avoid combining with other stimulants due to overstimulation
  • Its modafinil-like metabolite may reduce the efficacy of hormonal contraceptives (CYP3A4 induction)

Related Nootropics

Same therapeutic category

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MolekulaX Editorial Team·Source-verified · PubMed · FDA · EMA
Updated: June 19, 2026

The information here is strictly for educational and scientific purposes. It does not replace medical advice or clinical consultation, and it does not encourage illegal substance or pharmaceutical use. Data is sourced. When in doubt, consult your doctor.